[103] The monarchy was replaced by a shaky coalition of political parties that declared itself the Provisional Government. [439], Russia is a multinational state with many subnational entities associated with different minorities. Before the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the overwhelming majority of Russophones in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn in New York City were Russian-speaking Jews. [346] In the aftermath of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the country has faced revamped sanctions and corporate boycotts,[347] becoming the most sanctioned country in the world,[348] in a move described as an "all-out economic and financial war" to isolate the Russian economy from the Western financial system. [134] Another German failure was the Siege of Leningrad, in which the city was fully blockaded on land between 1941 and 1944 by German and Finnish forces, and suffered starvation and more than a million deaths, but never surrendered. WebThe Russian Federation (Russia) is physically the largest country in the world, covering 6.6 million square miles and 11 time zones over its 6,000-mile length. Judicial Power | The Constitution of the Russian Federation", "Putin strongly backed in controversial Russian reform vote", "Russia & Democratic Backsliding: The Future of Putinism", "Russia on the road to dictatorship: Internal political repercussions of the attack on Ukraine", "Digitalization management system of Russia's federal cities focused on prospective application throughout the country", "What is the Collective Security Treaty Organisation? [61] Vasili III completed the task of uniting all of Russia by annexing the last few independent Russian states in the early 16th century. An update proposed in the late 1990s has met a hostile reception, and has not been formally adopted. ? [51] 50% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 19% used it as the main language with family, friends, or at work. Using a formula with V standing for the nucleus (vowel) and C for each consonant, the maximal structure can be described as follows: However, Russian has a constraint on syllabification such that syllables cannot span multiple morphemes. [92], The Russian alphabet has many systems of character encoding. [71] The Romanov dynasty acceded to the throne in 1613 by the decision of the Zemsky Sobor, and the country started its gradual recovery from the crisis. [389] Dmitry Mendeleev invented the Periodic table, the main framework of modern chemistry. [624][625] In 196168 Sergey Bondarchuk directed an Oscar-winning film adaptation of Leo Tolstoy's epic War and Peace, which was the most expensive film made in the Soviet Union. Comparisons of blood-based biomarkers with Norway implicate non-ischaemic cardiac damage", "Russia's alcohol policy: a continuing success story", "Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources", "Suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 population) Russian Federation", "Preventing suicide: Russian Federation adapts WHO self-harm monitoring tool", "The 'Forward Russia' Flag: Examining the Changing Use of the Bear as a Symbol of Russia", "Russian New Year: At The Heart Of A Wide Tapestry Of Winter Traditions", "Russians splurge on flowers for International Women's Day", "Russia kicks off lavish Victory Day parade following coronavirus delay", "Russia's Immortal Regiment: From Grassroots To 'Quasi-Religious Cult', "It's Russian Mardi Gras: Time For Pancakes, Butter And Fistfights", "Russia marks Cosmonautics Day in pictures", Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, "The Canopy over the Holy Sepulchre. Russian is notable for its distinction based on palatalization of most of its consonants. Contains many dialectal, local, and obsolete words. Old New Year is celebrated on 14 January. [27] Russia was home to some of the last surviving Neanderthals, from about 45,000 years ago, found in Mezmaiskaya cave. Of the 16,000 registered newspapers, Argumenty i Fakty, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Rossiyskaya Gazeta, Izvestia, and Moskovskij Komsomolets are popular. [26] Fossils of Denny, an archaic human hybrid that was half Neanderthal and half Denisovan, and lived some 90,000 years ago, was also found within the latter cave. WebRussian (Russian: , transliteration: russkiy yaz'ik) is a Slavic language.It is the main language spoken in Russia.It is also spoken by many people in other parts of the former Soviet Union, such as in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Turkmenistan and Estonia.. Russian, like other Dialectology within Russia recognizes dozens of smaller-scale variants. [f][211] Russia lies between latitudes 41 and 82 N, and longitudes 19 E and 169 W, extending some 9,000km (5,600mi) east to west, and 2,500 to 4,000km (1,600 to 2,500mi) north to south. [539] The second half of the 19th-century was dominated by the Neo-Byzantine and Russian Revival style. Russian fauna is composed of 320 species of mammals, over 732 species of birds, 75 species of reptiles, about 30 species of amphibians, 343 species of freshwater fish (high endemism), approximately 1,500 species of saltwater fishes, 9 species of cyclostomata, and approximately 100150,000 invertebrates (high endemism). [82], Russian is a rather homogeneous language, in dialectal variation, due to the early political centralization under Moscow's rule, compulsory education, mass migration from rural to urban areas in the 20th century, and other factors. [616] Russia has the largest video gaming market in Europe, with over 65 million players nationwide. ", "PACE calls for an ad hoc international criminal tribunal to hold to account perpetrators of the crime of aggression against Ukraine", "Pluto: ten things we now know about the dwarf planet", The Arctic Institute Center for Circumpolar Security Studies, "Island hopping in Russia: Sakhalin, Kuril Islands and Kamchatka Peninsula", "Lake BaikalA Touchstone for Global Change and Rift Studies", "Russia's Largest Rivers From the Amur to the Volga", "Present and future Kppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution", "Putin urges authorities to take action as wildfires engulf Siberia", "Why Russia's thawing permafrost is a global problem", "Will Russia's Forests Be an Asset or an Obstacle in Climate Fight? [449], Russia is a multilingual nation; approximately 100150 minority languages are spoken across the country. Reading of excerpt of Pushkin's "Winter Evening" ( ), 1825. USA Foreign Service Institute Russian basic course, Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russian_language&oldid=1133342932, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Articles with Russian-language sources (ru), Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles needing additional references from August 2022, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Russian-language text, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Lang and lang-xx code promoted to ISO 639-1, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2021, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2022, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2022, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing Old East Slavic-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from October 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. In 1991, the Russian SFSR emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union as the independent Russian Federation. It arose in the beginning of the 18th century with the modernization reforms of the Russian state under the rule of Peter the Great and developed from the Moscow (Middle or Central Russian) dialect substratum under the influence of some of the previous century's Russian chancery language. Earlier, Crump illustrated the Russian perspective on the radio show Nieuwsweekend (5 February). [193] The invasion marked the largest conventional war in Europe since World WarII,[194] and was met with widespread international condemnation,[195] as well as expanded sanctions against Russia. [212] Russia, by landmass, is larger than three continents,[g] and has the same surface area as Pluto. WebRussia ( Russian: , Rossiya, [rsij] ), or the Russian Federation, [c] is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. M.A. WebRussian (Russian: , transliteration: russkiy yaz'ik) is a Slavic language.It is the main language spoken in Russia.It is also spoken by many people in other parts of the former Soviet Union, such as in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Latvia, Lithuania, Turkmenistan and Estonia.. Russian, like other [17] However, the proper name[which?] [51] 28% of the population was fluent in Russian in 2006, and 7% used it as the main language with family, friends or at work. [349] Economists suggest the sanctions will have a long-term effect over the Russian economy. In a statement, the military said the soldiers "went together to Hell" after they were struck by missiles. "Was it the cookie you ate?"). [20] The current name of the country, code: rus promoted to code: ru (Rossiyacode: rus promoted to code: ru ), comes from the Byzantine Greek designation of the Rus', Rossa spelled code: ell promoted to code: el (Rosacode: ell promoted to code: el pronounced[rosia]) in Modern Greek. [citation needed]. [583] Some writers dared to oppose Soviet ideology, such as Nobel Prize-winning novelist Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, who wrote about life in the Gulag camps. [548], Soviet and Russian conservatories have turned out generations of world-renowned soloists. [595] Flavourful soups and stews include shchi, borsch, ukha, solyanka, and okroshka. [523] The Russian Academy of Arts, which was established in 1757, to train Russian artists, brought Western techniques of secular painting to Russia. WebRussian ( s) refers to anything related to Russia, including: Russians ( , russkiye ), an ethnic group of the East Slavic peoples, primarily living in Russia and neighboring countries. The Russian president this week hailed his 'prisoner army' with his spokesman declaring Russia 'must know - and knows - its heroes'. Together with Ukrainian and Belarusian, the Russian language makes up the eastern branch of the Slavic family of languages. AlexanderII was assassinated in 1881 by revolutionary terrorists. [637], Ice hockey is very popular in Russia, and the Soviet national ice hockey team dominated the sport internationally throughout its existence. [200] The NATO Parliamentary Assembly designated "the Russian state under the current regime [as] a terrorist one" and called for the establishment of "an international tribunal to prosecute the crime of aggression committed by Russia with its war against Ukraine. .: , 1990. [86] In 1820, a Russian expedition discovered the continent of Antarctica. [160] On 17 March, a referendum was held, in which the vast majority of participating citizens voted in favour of changing the Soviet Union into a renewed federation. WebRussian is an East Slavic language of the wider Ino-European family. [citation needed], The city of Veliky Novgorod has historically displayed a feature called chokanye or tsokanye ( or ), in which /t/ and /ts/ were switched or merged. Great ranges of temperature are typical. [474] The Ministry of Education of Russia is responsible for primary and secondary education, as well as vocational education; while the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia is responsible for science and higher education. 2 mins. [111], On 30 December 1922, Lenin and his aides formed the Soviet Union, by joining the Russian SFSR into a single state with the Byelorussian, Transcaucasian, and Ukrainian republics. A hostile reception, and obsolete words sanctions will have a long-term effect over the perspective!, the main framework of modern chemistry was replaced by a shaky coalition of political that! 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